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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecpolicy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economic Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5124</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-2658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Economic Policy</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18288/1994-5124-2024-5-84-113</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecpolicy-157</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕГИОНАЛЬНАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REGIONAL ECONOMY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Туризм и модернизация в республиках Северного Кавказа — новые возможности догоняющего развития</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tourism and Modernization in the Northern Caucasus Republics — New Opportunities for Catch-up Development</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7073-5905</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стародубровская</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Starodubrovskaya</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стародубровская Ирина Викторовна - кандидат экономических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, Центр региональных исследований и урбанистики, Институт прикладных экономических исследований, РАНХиГС.</p><p>119571, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 82</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Starodubrovskaya - Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Senior Researcher, Center for Regional Research and Urbanism, Institute of Applied Economic Research RANEPA.</p><p>82, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119571</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irinavstar@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6498-1747</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ситкевич</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sitkievich</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ситкевич Даниил Андреевич - кандидат экономических наук, младший научный сотрудник, Центр региональных исследований и урбанистики, Институт прикладных экономических исследований, РАНХиГС; научный сотрудник лаборатории институционного анализа, экономический факультет, МГУ им М. В. Ломоносова.</p><p>119571, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 82; 119991, Москва, Ленинские Горы, 1/46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daniil A. Sitkievich - Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Researcher, Center for Regional Research and Urbanism, Institute of Applied Economic Research RANEPA; Researcher, Laboratory of Institutional Analysis, Lomonosov Moscow State University.</p><p>82, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119571; 1–46, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dasitkevich@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>RANEPA</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации; Московский государственный университет им М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>RANEPA; Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>84</fpage><lpage>113</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Стародубровская И.В., Ситкевич Д.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Стародубровская И.В., Ситкевич Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Starodubrovskaya I.V., Sitkievich D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/157">https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/157</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье анализируется влияние туристического бума на процессы догоняющего развития на Северном Кавказе. Рассматривается реакция на рост туристического спроса модернизации сверху, предполагающей ведущую роль государства в развитии отстающих регионов, и модернизации снизу, основанной на ключевой роли рыночно ориентированного частного бизнеса. Анализ показывает, что обе модели достаточно адекватно отреагировали на новые возможности и вызовы, связанные с туристическим бумом. Государственные институты развития способствовали наращиванию мощности управляемых ими горнолыжных курортов, показывающих гораздо лучшую динамику, чем курорты без единой управляющей компании. Частный бизнес смог практически с нуля создать сектор экскурсионных и этнотуров, обеспечить разнообразие туристических аттракций и приспособление услуг к запросам отдыхающих. Для повышения качества обслуживания туристов и борьбы с оппортунистическим поведением контрагентов бизнесом были задействованы новые институциональные инструменты. Две модели модернизации демонстрируют также симбиотические взаимосвязи: растущие горнолыжные курорты активно привлекают частный бизнес, предприниматели корректируют допущенные при планировании курортов ошибки. В то же время в условиях растущего спроса проявляются и свойственные данным моделям слабости. Так, ответственный за северокавказский туризм институт развития пока не нашел оптимальных инструментов координации деятельности с органами управления окружающих курорты территорий и частным бизнесом. Государство также не полностью справляется с задачей формирования условий для успешного развития частного бизнеса, особенно если это требует инвестиций или управленческого вмешательства на уровне выше регионального.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article analyzes the impact of the tourism boom on catch-up development in the Northern Caucasus and examines how “modernization from above,” which emphasizes the state’s role in improving underdeveloped regions, and “modernization from below,” which sees the role of market-oriented private business as crucial, accommodate the increasing demand for tourism. Both models have responded quite effectively to the new opportunities and challenges presented by the tourism boom. State institutions charged with development have contributed to increased capacity at the ski resorts under their management, which have shown significantly better results than resorts that do not operate under a single company. Private business, however, was able to create a market for excursions and ethno-tours almost from scratch by providing a variety of tourist attractions and adapting services to tourists’ requirements. In order to improve the quality of tourism and counteract opportunistic behavior by contractors, businesses have applied new institutional tools. The two modernization models also exhibit some symbiotic relationships. For example, expanding ski resorts attract private businesses while entrepreneurs often compensate for mistakes made in planning resorts. Nevertheless, the weaknesses of these models when stressed by growing demand are also evident. In one instance, the development institute responsible for Northern Caucasus tourism has not yet found optimal ways to coordinate its activities with the authorities of the districts adjacent to the resorts or with private businesses. The state is also not fully capable of promoting successful development of private business, especially if this requires investment or administrative intervention above the regional level.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экономическое развитие</kwd><kwd>индустрия гостеприимства</kwd><kwd>институты развития</kwd><kwd>горнолыжные курорты</kwd><kwd>малый бизнес</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>economic development</kwd><kwd>hospitality industry</kwd><kwd>development institutions</kwd><kwd>ski resorts</kwd><kwd>small business</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья выполнена в рамках государственного задания РАНХиГС 2024 года.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study has been undertaken as part of the 2024 research plan of RANEPA.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Стародубровская И. 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