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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecpolicy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economic Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5124</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-2658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Economic Policy</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18288/1994-5124-2024-5-150-185</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecpolicy-159</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ТОРГОВЛЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>INTERNATIONAL TRADE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экспортный тариф на товарном рынке</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Export Tariffs in Commodity Markets</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6100-8848</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бородин</surname><given-names>К. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borodin</surname><given-names>K. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бородин Константин Григорьевич - доктор экономических наук, доцент, заведующий отделом регулирования аграрных рынков, ВИАПИ им. А.А. Никонова, филиал ФНЦ ВНИИЭСХ.</p><p>107078, Москва, Большой Харитоньевский пер., 21, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin G. Borodin - Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Regulation of Agrarian Markets, Alexander Nikonov All-Russian Institute of Agrarian Problems and Informatics.</p><p>21, str. 1, Bol’shoy Khariton’evskiy per., Moscow, 107078</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">borkg_cd@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский институт аграрных проблем и информатики им. А.А. Никонова, филиал ФНЦ ВНИИЭСХ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Alexander Nikonov All-Russian Institute of Agrarian Problems and Informatics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>150</fpage><lpage>185</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бородин К.Г., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бородин К.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Borodin K.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/159">https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/159</self-uri><abstract><p>На основе разработанной модели частичного равновесия в статье проанализированы последствия введения экспортной пошлины в краткосрочном периоде. Анализ публикаций показал, что общей предпосылкой моделей дуополии является сегментация внешнего и внутреннего рынков сбыта, что определяет долгосрочную ориентацию этих моделей, в которых производство выступает в качестве переменной величины. В отличие от существующих теоретических подходов наличие взаимосвязи между внутренним и внешним рынками сбыта на основе предпосылки о фиксированности объемов производства дает возможность получать краткосрочные оценки последствий введения экспортной пошлины: для цены внутреннего рынка страны-экспортера, объемов ее экспорта и экспортной цены, для цены и объемов зарубежных поставок глобального экспортера (совокупность остальных стран-экспортеров, осуществляющих поставки на внешний рынок сбыта выделенной страны-экспортера) и др. Доказано, что прирост благосостояния в стране-экспортере (суммарный прирост прибыли производителей, доходов бюджета и выигрыша потребителей) от введения экспортной пошлины прямо пропорционально зависит от величины соотношения между предложением продукции на внутреннем рынке до введения пошлины и приростом внутреннего предложения (снижения объемов экспорта) после ее введения и будет положительным только при выполнении найденного условия. Фактически потенциальный горизонт повышения экспортной пошлины без потери благосостояния зависит от доли экспорта в объемах производства до введения пошлины. Для вполне реалистичных оценок коэффициентов функций обратного спроса доказано, что благосостояние будет повышаться при любых значениях экспортной пошлины, если до ее введения объем производства в стране-экспортере примерно в два раза (в 9/4 раза) превышал объемы экспорта. Получены оценки распределения выигрышей и потерь от введения экспортной пошлины для трех основных субъектов — производителей, потребителей и бюджета на всех рынках сбыта. Для иллюстрации теоретических построений модели проанализированы эффекты введения экспортного тарифа на российском рынке пшеницы в 2021 году.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper develops a partial equilibrium model and employs it to analyze the immediate consequences of introducing an export duty. Published materials confirm that the general premise of duopoly models is that external and internal sales markets are segmented and that this segmentation determines the long-term orientation of models in which production is a variable. In contrast to existing theoretical approaches, the relationship between domestic and foreign sales markets assuming fixed production volumes makes it possible to arrive at short-term estimates of the consequences of introducing an export duty. Such a duty will impact the domestic market price of the exporting country, the volumes of its exports and its export prices, and the price and volume of foreign supplies from global export (the totality of other exporting countries that supply to the foreign sales market of a given exporting country), etc. The results of the study indicate that the increase in welfare for an exporting country (the total increase in producers’ profits, government revenues, and consumer gains) from an export duty depends directly on the ratio between the supply of products on the domestic market before introducing the duty and the increase in domestic supply (decrease in export volumes) after its introduction. The finding is that welfare will increase only under specific conditions. The possibility of imposing an export duty without loss of welfare depends in fact on what share exports have in production volumes prior to the introduction of the duty. For quite realistic estimates of the coefficients of inverse demand functions, the conclusion is that welfare will increase for any value of the export duty if the production volume in the exporting country prior to imposing the duty was approximately twice (2.25 times) higher than the volume of exports. Estimates of the distribution of gains and losses from the introduction of export duties were arrived at for three main groups — producers, consumers, and the state budget in all sales markets. To illustrate how the theoretical constructs of the model operate, the effects of introducing an export tariff on the Russian wheat market in 2021 were analyzed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>торговая политика</kwd><kwd>экспортно ориентированный рынок</kwd><kwd>модель частичного равновесия</kwd><kwd>несовершенная конкуренция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>trade policy</kwd><kwd>export-oriented market</kwd><kwd>partial equilibrium model</kwd><kwd>imperfect competition</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Посвящается памяти А.К. Пителина (ЦЭМИ РАН), с которым в предшествующий подготовке этой статьи период автору выпала счастливая возможность обсуждать самые разные вопросы, касающиеся положений исходной модели. Выражаю глубокую благодарность анонимному рецензенту, в высшей степени конструктивные замечания и предложения которого позволили значительно улучшить работу.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study is dedicated to the memory of A.K. Pitelin (CEMI RAS), with whom the author had the good fortune to discuss a variety of issues relating to the provisions of the initial model prior to preparation of this paper. I would also like to express my deep gratitude to the anonymous reviewer whose very constructive comments and suggestions significantly improved this effort.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бородин К. Г. Влияние экспорта на внутренний рынок экспортера // Экономическая наука современной России. 2021a. № 4. С. 49–67. DOI: 10.33293/1609-1442-2021-4(95)-49-67.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borodin K. 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