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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecpolicy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economic Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5124</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-2658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Economic Policy</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18288/1994-5124-2024-6-54-81</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecpolicy-199</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДЕНЕЖНО-КРЕДИТНАЯ ПОЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MONETARY POLICY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Бюджетное доминирование: конец эпохи таргетирования инфляции?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fiscal Dominance: The End of Inflation Targeting?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2490-3370</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авакян</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avakyan</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Армен Ромович Авакян - Руководитель направления Центра макроэкономических исследований, ПАО «Сбербанк»; стажер-исследователь Международной лаборатории макроэкономического анализа, НИУ «Высшая школа экономики».</p><p>117312, Москва, ул. Вавилова, 19; 109028, Москва, Покровский бул., 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Armen A. Avakyan - Unit Lead at the Center of Macroeconomic Research, Sberbank;a Research Intern at the International Laboratory for Macroeconomic Analysis, NRU Higher School of Economics.</p><p>11, Vavilova ul., Moscow, 117312; 11, Pokrovskiy bul., Moscow, 109028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aavakyan@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4416-9620</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Сергеевна Кузнецова - PhD (Econ.), старший научный сотрудник Международной лаборатории макроэкономического анализа, доцент департамента теоретической экономики факультета экономических наук, Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</p><p>109028, Москва, Покровский бул., 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga S. Kuznetsova - PhD (Econ.), Senior Research Fellow at the International Laboratory for Macroeconomic Analysis, Assistant Professor of the Department of Theoretical Economics at the Faculty of Economic Sciences</p><p>11, Pokrovskiy bul., Moscow, 109028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">okuznetsova@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ПАО «Сбербанк»; Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sberbank; National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>54</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Авакян А.Р., Кузнецова О.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Авакян А.Р., Кузнецова О.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Avakyan A.A., Kuznetsova O.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/199">https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/199</self-uri><abstract><p>Рост бюджетных расходов и государственного долга в развитых и развивающихся странах вызывает опасения относительно среднесрочной устойчивости бюджетной политики. При продолжении текущих тенденций уже в ближайшие десятилетия страны могут столкнуться с проблемой бюджетного доминирования — ситуацией, когда центральный банк ограничен в возможностях борьбы с инфляцией с помощью высоких ставок из-за рисков нарушения бюджетной устойчивости. В академических и экспертных кругах зачастую отмечают, что при таком сценарии центральному банку придется отказаться от таргетирования инфляции и перейти к роли пассивного наблюдателя. В настоящей работе мы рассматриваем возможную альтернативу — адаптацию мандата центрального банка к новым предполагаемым реалиям с помощью включения уровня реального государственного долга. Такая корректировка мандата центрального банка означает, что оптимальное правило денежно-кредитной политики напрямую зависит от режима бюджетной политики. В частности, при активной бюджетной политике правило центрального банка автоматически отходит от принципа Тейлора. Проведенный на основе новокейнсианской DSGE-модели анализ демонстрирует, что предлагаемое изменение мандата делает политику центрального банка более устойчивой к изменению режима бюджетной политики и позволяет успешно балансировать между стабилизацией инфляции, выпуска и уровня государственного долга. Кроме того, включение долга в мандат центрального банка дает ему возможность не отказываться от активной роли в борьбе с инфляцией в случае активной бюджетной политики. Таким образом, мы показываем, что режим бюджетного доминирования хотя и ограничивает возможности центрального банка в стабилизационной политике, но не заставляет его полностью терять независимость в денежно-кредитной политике и отказываться от основных принципов таргетирования инфляции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The acceleration of government expenditures and public debt in both developed and developing countries has prompted concerns about the medium-term sustainability of fiscal policies. If these trends persist, countries may reach a point in the coming decades when fiscal dominance is challenged and the central bank’s ability to combat inflation through higher interest rates is constrained by the risk of undermining fiscal sustainability. Experts have frequently pointed out that, under such conditions, the central bank may be forced to abandon inflation targeting and adopt a more passive role. This paper offers an alternative scenario by proposing that the central bank’s mandate be adjusted to reflect the evolving economic landscape, specifically by incorporating the level of real public debt. This adjustment to the central bank’s mandate means that the optimal monetary policy rule would directly depend on the fiscal policy regime. The analysis conducted here using a New Keynesian DSGE model demonstrates that the kind of change in the mandate that this article proposes would make central bank policy more resilient toward changes in the fiscal policy regime and facilitate balance between stabilized inflation, output, and the level of public debt. In addition, the inclusion of debt in the central bank mandate would enable the bank to retain its active role in fighting inflation in response to an active fiscal policy. The article indicates that a fiscal dominance regime does not necessarily force the central bank to completely lose its independence in shaping monetary policy or to abandon the basic principles of inflation targeting.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мандат центрального банка</kwd><kwd>бюджетная политика</kwd><kwd>денежно-кредитная политика</kwd><kwd>государственный долг</kwd><kwd>процентная ставка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>central bank’s mandate</kwd><kwd>monetary policy</kwd><kwd>fiscal policy</kwd><kwd>government debt</kwd><kwd>interest rate</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование осуществлено в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ в 2024 году</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study has been carried out as part of the Fundamental Research Program of the National Research University Higher School of Economics for 2024</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Горюнов Е. 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