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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecpolicy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economic Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5124</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-2658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Economic Policy</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18288/1994-5124-2023-5-68-99</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecpolicy-20</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Реальный сектор</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Real Sector</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аллокация ресурсов и производительность российской промышленности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Resource Allocation and Productivity of the Russian Manufacturing Industry</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2892-5278</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каукин</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaukin</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каукин Андрей Сергеевич - кандидат экономических наук, руководитель Центра исследований отраслевых рынков Института прикладных экономических исследований, РАНХиГС; руководитель научного направления «Реальный сектор», ИЭП им. Е.Т. Гайдара.</p><p>119571, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 82; 125009, Москва, Газетный пер., 3–5, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey S. Kaukin - Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Head of the Center for Industrial Market Research, Institute of Applied Economic Research, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration; Head of the Center for the Real Sector, Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy.</p><p>84/9, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119571; 1, 3–5, Gazetnyy per., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kaukin@iep.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0033-6028</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жемкова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhemkova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жемкова Александра Михайловна - старший научный сотрудник Центра исследований отраслевых рынков Института прикладных экономических исследований, РАНХиГС; научный сотрудник, ИЭП им. Е.Т. Гайдара.</p><p>119571, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 82; 125009, Москва, Газетный пер., 3–5, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra M. Zhemkova - Senior Researcher, Center for Industrial Market Research, Institute of Applied Economic Research, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration; Researcher, Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy.</p><p>84/9, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119571; 1, 3–5, Gazetnyy per., Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhemkova-am@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации; Институт экономической политики им. Е.Т. Гайдара</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration; Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>68</fpage><lpage>99</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каукин А.С., Жемкова А.М., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каукин А.С., Жемкова А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kaukin A.S., Zhemkova A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/20">https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/20</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе исследуется аллокативная эффективность российской обрабатывающей промышленности. Проблема неэффективной аллокации ресурсов между фирмами возникает при наличии на рынке определенных искажений (несовершенств рынка или особенностей экономической политики) и может приводить к снижению совокупной производительности экономики. В целях количественной оценки эффективности аллокации ресурсов в работе применяется методология Се и Кленоу, адаптированная с учетом специфики российской экономики. В качестве основных индикаторов эффективности аллокации рассчитывается дисперсия производительности российских фирм, а также ковариация между размером и производительностью фирм, в том числе в отраслевом разрезе. Высокая дисперсия производительности и низкая ковариация между размером и производительностью фирм внутри отрасли могут свидетельствовать о том, что многие предприятия либо перепотребляют, либо недопотребляют факторы производства, что не позволяет максимизировать совокупную производительность экономики. Проведенный анализ показал, что аллокативная эффективность отраслей российской промышленности снизилась за период с 2012 по 2018 год, сильнее всего — в отраслях производства кокса и нефтепродуктов, обработки древесины, производства прочих машин и оборудования и готовых металлических изделий. Низкая эффективность аллокации наблюдалась также в металлургии и производстве автотранспортных средств. Результаты анализа позволяют оценить динамику эффективности аллокации ресурсов в российской промышленности, выявить ее ключевые детерминанты и интерпретировать полученные результаты, опираясь на информацию об особенностях работы тех или иных отраслей российской экономики. В работе получен вывод о том, что в ряде отраслей российской промышленности может существовать потенциал для повышения аллокативной эффективности; полученные оценки следует рассматривать как повод для проведения более глубокого отраслевого анализа.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper analyzes the allocative efficiency of the Russian manufacturing industry. Inefficient allocation between firms arises when there are certain distortions in the market (due to market imperfections or features of economic policy) and can lead to a decrease in the total productivity of the economy. To assess resource allocation efficiency, the authors apply the methodology developed by Hsieh and Klenow and adapt it to the specifics of the Russian economy. Productivity dispersion and covariance between the size and productivity of Russian firms are calculated as the main indicators of allocative efficiency, including at the industry level. High productivity dispersion and low covariance between firm size and productivity within an industry may indicate weak allocative efficiency, which can lower the total productivity of the economy. This analysis shows that the allocative efficiency of Russian manufacturing decreased from 2012 to 2018, especially in the manufacture of coke and petroleum products, wood processing, and production of miscellaneous machinery, equipment, and fabricated metal products. Low allocative efficiency was also evident in the production of basic metals and in the manufacture of motor vehicles. The results of the analysis make it possible to assess the dynamics of allocative efficiency in Russian manufacturing, identify its key determinants, and interpret the results obtained using information about the existing features of operations in different sectors. The paper concludes that several sectors of the Russian economy show potential for increased allocative efficiency; the estimates arrived at should be the basis for more in-depth analysis of industry.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аллокация ресурсов</kwd><kwd>распределение ресурсов</kwd><kwd>совокупная факторная производительность</kwd><kwd>аллокативная эффективность</kwd><kwd>промышленность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>resource allocation</kwd><kwd>total factor productivity</kwd><kwd>allocative efficiency</kwd><kwd>manufacturing industry</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения научно-исследовательской работы государственного задания РАНХиГС.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared as part of the RANEPA state assignment research program.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бессонова Е. 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