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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecpolicy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economic Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5124</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-2658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Economic Policy</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18288/1994-5124-2025-3-62-95</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecpolicy-370</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Малый и средний бизнес</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Small and Medium-Sized Businesses</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние государственной поддержки на финансовую эффективность малых и средних предприятий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Impact of Government Support on the Financial Efficiency of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5838-1331</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Найденова</surname><given-names>Ю. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naidenova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Николаевна Найденова, Кандидат экономических наук, доцент, заместитель заведующего Международной лабораторией экономики нематериальных активов</p><p>614060, Пермь, бул. Гагарина, 37 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Iuliia N. Naidenova, Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Associate Professor, Deputy Head of the International Laboratory of Intangible-Driven Economy</p><p>37, Gagarina bul., Perm, 614060 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yunaydenova@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9666-989X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паклина</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Paklina</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>София Николаевна Паклина, Кандидат экономических наук, младший научный сотрудник Международной лаборатории экономики нематериальных активов</p><p>614060, Пермь, бул. Гагарина, 37 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sofia N. Paklina, Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Junior Research Fellow of the International Laboratory of Intangible-Driven Economy</p><p>37, Gagarina bul., Perm, 614060 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">snpaklina@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1805-2680</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паршаков</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parshakov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петр Андреевич Паршаков, Кандидат экономических наук, доцент, заведующий Международной лабораторией экономики нематериальных активов</p><p>614060, Пермь, бул. Гагарина, 37 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petr A. Parshakov, Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Professor, Head of the International Laboratory of Intangible-Driven Economy</p><p>37, Gagarina bul., Perm, 614060 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pparshakov@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7568-6428</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Теплых</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Teplykh</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Григорий Васильевич Теплых, Младший научный сотрудник Международной лаборатории экономики нематериальных активов</p><p>614060, Пермь, бул. Гагарина, 37 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grigorii V. Teplykh, Junior Research Fellow of the International Laboratory of Intangible-Driven Economy</p><p>37, Gagarina bul., Perm, 614060 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gteplyh@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чередникова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherednikova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Игоревна Чередникова, Стажер-исследователь Международной лаборатории экономики нематериальных активов</p><p>614060, Пермь, бул. Гагарина, 37 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena I. Cherednikova, Research Assistant of the International Laboratory of Intangible-Driven Economy</p><p>37, Gagarina bul., Perm, 614060 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cherednikovaei@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>HSE University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>95</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Найденова Ю.Н., Паклина С.Н., Паршаков П.А., Теплых Г.В., Чередникова Е.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Найденова Ю.Н., Паклина С.Н., Паршаков П.А., Теплых Г.В., Чередникова Е.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Naidenova I.N., Paklina S.N., Parshakov P.A., Teplykh G.V., Cherednikova E.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/370">https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/370</self-uri><abstract><p>Настоящая статья посвящена исследованию воздействия разных видов государственной поддержки на финансовую эффективность малых и средних предприятий (МСП) в России. Актуальность статьи обусловлена высокой важностью сектора МСП для социально-экономического развития России и слабой изученностью темы в эмпирической литературе. Рассматриваются семь типов поддержки: финансовая, кредитная, имущественная, инновационная, образовательная, консультационная и информационная. Выборка включает информацию о 165 тыс. российских МСП в период с 2019 по 2022 год. Анализ проведен с помощью методологии «разность разностей» в рамках модели анализа панельных данных с индивидуальными эффектами компаний, а также посредством динамической модели. Выявлено, что финансовая, информационная и в меньшей степени консультационная поддержка положительно влияют на рентабельность начиная со следующего года после оказания помощи; влияние других типов не столь очевидно. Незначимость ряда инструментов поддержки может означать, что они ориентированы на отдельные аспекты деятельности фирмы и дают экономический эффект не напрямую, а опосредованно и в более длительной перспективе. Полученные результаты углубляют понимание возможностей стимулирования МСП в краткосрочной перспективе. С точки зрения менеджеров и собственников самих компаний, результаты показывают ключевые типы господдержки, которые обеспечивают быстрый рост эффективности бизнеса. Кроме того, они позволяют сформулировать ряд рекомендаций для экономической политики: разработка информационных платформ, снижение бюрократических барьеров, а также оптимизация структуры и развитие нефинансовых инструментов, внедрение комплексной системы мониторинга и оценки результатов поддержки.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article elucidates the impact that various forms of government support have on the financial efficiency of small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) in Russia. The empirical literature on this topic is inadequate to date even though the SME sector is extremely important for the socioeconomic development of Russia. Seven key types of this government support are examined, including initiatives in finance, credits and loans, education, consulting, information, innovation, and property issues. The sample studied employs data on 165,000 Russian SMEs from 2019 to 2022. Performance indicators such as return on equity, return on assets, and employee count are utilized to analyze the effects of government support. The analysis relies on the difference-in-differences method applied to a panel data model which is responsive to effects on individual companies and also on a dynamic model. This study finds that financial, informational, and, to a lesser extent, consulting support have a positive effect on profitability that begins in the year following assistance; the impact of the other four types is much less obvious. The negligible impact of some kinds of support may mean that they are focused on particular aspects of a company’s activities and will have an economic effect only indirectly and over a longer term. These results deepen understanding of ways to provide stimulus to SMEs in the short term and thus enable the managers and owners of the companies themselves to understand the main types of government support that, on average, facilitate rapid growth in business efficiency. The results also suggest the following economic policy recommendations: optimizing the support structure, developing information platforms, expanding non-financial support instruments, reducing bureaucratic barriers, and implementing a comprehensive system for monitoring and evaluating support outcomes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>субсидии</kwd><kwd>стимулирование бизнеса</kwd><kwd>корпоративные финансы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>subsidies</kwd><kwd>business incentives</kwd><kwd>corporate finance</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 23-78-10149. https://rscf.ru/project/23-78-10149/.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study comprises research findings from project No 23-78-10149 supported by the Russian Science Foundation. https://rscf.ru/project/23-78-10149/.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Акбашева Д. 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