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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecpolicy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economic Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5124</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-2658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Economic Policy</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18288/1994-5124-2025-4-34-51</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecpolicy-417</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАКРОЭКОНОМИКА И ФИНАНСЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MACROECONOMICS AND FINANCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Кривая доходности для российского рынка ОФЗ как инструмент анализа рыночных ожиданий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Using the Yield Curve of Russian Federal Bonds to Analyze Market Expectations</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9750-9676</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Божечкова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bozhechkova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александра Викторовна Божечкова – кандидат экономических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник Центра изучения проблем центральных банков, Институт прикладных экономических исследований</p><p>119571, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 84</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra V. Bozhechkova – Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Lead Researcher, Institute of Applied Economic Research</p><p>84, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119571</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bojechkova@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7461-8386</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дробышевский</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drobyshevsky</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Михайлович Дробышевский – доктор кономических наук, заместитель директора по науке, Институт прикладных экономических исследований</p><p>119571, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 84</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey M. Drobyshevsky – Dr. Sci. (Econ.) Deputy Director for Science, Institute of Applied Economic Research</p><p>84, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119571</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dsm@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8306-9422</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трунин</surname><given-names>П. B.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trunin</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Вячеславович Трунин – доктор экономических наук, директор Центра изучения проблем центральных банков, Институт прикладных экономических исследований</p><p>119571, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 84</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel V. Trunin – Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Director of the Center, Institute of Applied Economic Research</p><p>84, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119571</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">trunin-pv@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская академия народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>RANEPA</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Божечкова А.В., Дробышевский С.М., Трунин П.B., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Божечкова А.В., Дробышевский С.М., Трунин П.B.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bozhechkova A.V., Drobyshevsky S.M., Trunin P.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/417">https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/417</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье проведена эконометрическая проверка гипотезы ожиданий для российского рынка облигаций федерального займа (ОФЗ) в периоды до и после мирового финансового кризиса с учетом перехода к режиму инфляционного таргетирования и введения жестких санкций и ограничений на движение капитала в 2022 году. С использованием системы одновременных внешне не связанных уравнений (SUR) выявлена степень связи между текущими долгосрочными процентными ставками и ожиданиями инвесторов относительно будущих краткосрочных ставок, определена степень  сонаправленности  движения  долгосрочных  и  будущих  краткосрочных  доходностей к погашению по ОФЗ. Связь между ожидаемыми значениями краткосрочной ставки процента и длинным концом кривой доходности неоднородна на различных подпериодах. В среднем будущие процентные ставки изменяются в том же направлении, что и наклон кривой доходности, то есть форвардные ставки содержат некоторую информацию о будущих изменениях доходностей к погашению. Это говорит о возможности использования срочной структуры процентных ставок в качестве ориентира для органов власти в отношении ожиданий участников рынка. Полученные оценки коэффициентов на выборках с учетом кризисных эпизодов свидетельствуют о существенной недооценке участниками рынка рисков ускорения инфляции и ужесточения монетарной политики. Поведение длинного конца кривой доходности в период после перехода к режиму инфляционного таргетирования свидетельствует об устойчивости ожиданий по ключевой ставке в долгосрочном периоде, доверии участников рынка к регулятору и позитивной оценке его возможностей по снижению и стабилизации инфляции в долгосрочной перспективе.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article presents an econometric test of the expectations hypothesis for the Russian federal bond market before and after the global financial crisis, as well as in response to the transition to inflation targeting and the introduction of severe sanctions and restrictions on capital flows in 2022. The degree of correlation between current long-term interest rates and investor expectations of future short-term rates was arrived at by using seemingly unrelated regression equations (SURE), and the amount of co-directionality in the movement of long-term and future short-term interest rates was also determined. The relationship between expected values for the short-term interest rate and the long end of the yield curve is not uniform across various shorter terms. On average, future interest rates change in the same direction as the slope of the yield curve, i. e. forward rates contain some information about future changes in yields to maturity. This suggests that there is potential for the authorities to employ the term structure of interest rates as a guide to the expectations of market participants. When the coefficients are derived during episodes of economic crisis, their values indicate that market participants significantly underestimate the risk that inflation may accelerate and that monetary policy will be tightened. The reaction at the long end of the yield curve after the transition to inflation targeting indicates that expectations for the key rate in the long run are stable and that market participants remain confident about effective regulation and regard it as able to reduce and stabilize inflation in the long run.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гипотеза ожиданий</kwd><kwd>временная структура процентных ставок</kwd><kwd>инфляционное таргетирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>expectations hypothesis</kwd><kwd>term structure of interest rates</kwd><kwd>Russian federal bond</kwd><kwd>inflation targeting</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article has been prepared as part of the RANEPA state assignment research program.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дробышевский С. М. 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