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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecpolicy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economic Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5124</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-2658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Economic Policy</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18288/1994-5124-2020-3-8-43</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecpolicy-729</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИНАНСОВЫЕ РЫНКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FINANCIAL MARKETS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Детерминанты поведения частных инвесторов на российском фондовом рынке</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Determinants of Private Investors’ Behavior  on Russian Stock Market</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абрамов</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abramov</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Евгеньевич Абрамов —  кандидат экономических наук,  заведующий лабораторией анализа институтов и финансовых рынков Института прикладных экономических исследований</p><p>117517, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 82</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander E. Abramov, Cand. Sci. (Econ.)</p><p>82, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119571</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abramov-ae@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Радыгин</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Radygin</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Дмитриевич Радыгин —  доктор экономических наук, профессор, директор Института экономики, математики  и информационных технологий; член совета директоров</p><p>117517, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 82</p><p>25009, Москва, Газетный пер., 3–5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander D. Radygin, Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Professor</p><p>82, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119571</p><p>3–5, Gazetnуy per., Moscow, 125009</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">arad@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернова</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernova</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Игоревна Чернова —  научный сотрудник лаборатории анализа институтов и финансовых рынков  Института прикладных экономических исследований</p><p>117517, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 82</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria I. Chernova</p><p>82, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119571</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chernova-mi@ranepa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>РАНХиГС</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>РАНХиГС; Институт экономической политики им. Е. Т. Гайдара</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration; Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>43</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Абрамов А.Е., Радыгин А.Д., Чернова М.И., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Абрамов А.Е., Радыгин А.Д., Чернова М.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Abramov A.E., Radygin A.D., Chernova M.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/729">https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/729</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье исследуются особенности поведения групп частных инвесторов на примере Московской и Санкт-Петербургской бирж. Изменения в численности самой массовой группы инвесторов — зарегистрированных клиентов брокеров на Московской бирже в большей мере зависели от роста реальных доходов населения и характеристик пассивных форм доходов, таких как депозитные ставки, доходность госбумаг и дивидендная доходность акций. Активные клиенты брокеров на Московской бирже преимущественно уделяли внимание более спекулятивным факторам — размерам премии за риск по акциям, волатильности индекса Московской биржи, цен акций иностранных компаний и курса рубля. Динамика владельцев индивидуальных инвестиционных счетов зависела от факторов как пассивного, так и спекулятивного дохода. Поведение частных инвесторов на СПБ зависело от более разнообразных факторов, связанных не только с доходностью и рисками рублевых активов, но и с параметрами вложений в иностранные акции и валютным курсом. Две биржи взаимосвязаны. Рост премии по облигациям и акциям повышает ценность национального рынка по сравнению с иностранными активами. Феномен прихода массы частных инвесторов на фондовый рынок начиная с 2018 года объясняется не только поиском населением альтернатив банковским депозитам на фоне снижающихся процентных ставок, но и ростом интереса к индивидуальным сберегательным планам. Позитивным примером возможностей государства влиять на сбережения граждан с помощью мер налогового регулирования являются индивидуальные инвестиционные счета. Росту численности клиентов брокеров также способствовали применение современных инвестиционных платформ и активная политика подталкивания к использованию брокерских услуг со стороны крупнейших розничных банков. Финансовый кризис, наступивший в марте 2020 года, станет серьезным испытанием для миллионов частных инвесторов, пришедших на рынок в предшествующие два года.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article explores behavior features of different group of private investors on the Moscow and Saint Petersburg stock exchanges. It was found that the change in the size of the biggest group of registered broker clients on Moscow Exchange depended heavily on growth of real income and key characteristics of passive forms of income, such as deposit rates, government bond returns and stock dividend yield. Active broker clients on the Moscow stock exchange mainly focused on more speculative factors, such as equity premium, equity volatility, foreign stocks’ returns and exchange rate. The growth of individual investment accounts depended on factors of both active and speculative forms of income. The quantity of broker clients on Saint-Petersburg Exchange relied on an even wider set of factors, which included not only risk and returns on national markets, but also characteristics of foreign assets and exchange rates. The two Russian exchanges are interrelated. The bond and equity premium growth makes the national market more attractive than foreign assets. The expansion of private investors on the stock market in Russia, which began in 2018, is explained not only by a search for other investment instruments apart from deposits, especially under the ongoing decline in interest rates, but also by a growing interest in individual investment accounts. The latter represent a positive example of state influence on people’s savings through tax policy. Another factor of the raise of private investments was the implementation of modern investment platforms and active promotion of broker services by major banks. The financial crisis which begun in March 2020 can become a serious challenge for millions of private investors who had opened accounts in the previous two years.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>российский фондовый рынок</kwd><kwd>частный инвестор</kwd><kwd>клиенты брокеров</kwd><kwd>склонность к сбережениям</kwd><kwd>Московская биржа</kwd><kwd>Санкт-Петербургская биржа</kwd><kwd>индивидуальные инвестиционные счета</kwd><kwd>политика подталкивания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Russian stock market</kwd><kwd>private investor</kwd><kwd>broker clients</kwd><kwd>savings behavior</kwd><kwd>Moscow Exchange</kwd><kwd>Saint-Petersburg Exchange</kwd><kwd>individual investment accounts</kwd><kwd>nudge theory</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абрамов А. Е. 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