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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecpolicy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economic Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5124</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-2658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Economic Policy</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18288/1994-5124-2020-6-8-41</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecpolicy-751</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Макроэкономика</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Macroeconomics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ взаимосвязи индикатора экономических настроений и роста ВВП</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of the Relationship Between the Economic Sentiment Indicator and GDP Growth</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Китрар</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kitrar</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Людмила Анатольевна Китрар — кандидат экономических наук, заместитель директора Центра конъюнктурных исследований Института статистических исследований и экономики знаний</p><p>109074, Москва, Славянская пл., 4, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liudmila A. Kitrar, Cand. Sci. (Econ.). Centre for Business Tendencies Studies, Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lkitrar@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Липкинд</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lipkind</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тамара Михайловна Липкинд — ведущий эксперт Центра конъюнктурных исследований Института статистических исследований и экономики знаний</p><p>109074, Москва, Славянская пл., 4, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tamara M. Lipkind. Centre for Business Tendencies Studies, Institute for Statistical Studies and Economics of Knowledge</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tlipkind@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Китрар Л.А., Липкинд Т.М., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Китрар Л.А., Липкинд Т.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kitrar L.A., Lipkind T.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/751">https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/751</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье анализируется взаимосвязь между ростом ВВП в России и показателем совокупных экономических настроений, который основан на результатах регулярных широкомасштабных опросов бизнеса и домашних хозяйств за период 1998–2020 годов. Цель исследования — обосновать эмпирическую ценность данных о мнениях хозяйствующих субъектов, оценить значение этой информации для статистического описания и анализа макроэкономических реалий, в том числе бизнес-циклов и внезапных кризисов. Тестируется основной тезис о циклической чувствительности обобщенных оценок экономических настроений относительно динамики такого референтного агрегата, как индекс физического объема ВВП. Авторы рассчитывают композитный индикатор совокупных экономических настроений, объединяющий ежеквартальную информацию за анализируемый период по восемнадцати анкетным показателям обследований деловой активности Росстата. Выборочная совокупность указанных обследований, используемая для построения композитного индикатора, составляет около 24 тыс. организаций всех категорий численности, участвующих в базовых видах экономической деятельности, а также 5 тыс. потребителей во всех регионах страны. На основе последовательного анализа взаимосвязи индекса физического объема ВВП и индикатора экономических настроений выявляются общие эмпирические закономерности и особенности циклического движения. Авторы приводят результаты кросс-корреляционного анализа, статистической фильтрации Ходрика — Прескотта, датировки циклической динамики. Отражается значимость композитного индикатора обследований в отраслевом и межстрановом анализах предпринимательского поведения, в том числе в период кризиса, связанного с COVID-19. Результаты исследования позволяют зафиксировать сформировавшийся за последние годы «когнитивный сдвиг» в уровне агрегированного предпринимательского доверия. После снижения значений композитного индикатора экономических настроений в период затяжной рецессии 2015–2016 годов его последующая четырехлетняя динамика характеризовалась самым невысоким потенциалом по сравнению с восстановительными периодами после всех предыдущих кризисов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article analyzes the relationship between aggregate economic sentiment and GDP growth in Russia in the context of the regular large-scale surveys of business and households for the period of 1998–2020. The aim of the study is to prove the empirical value of the opinions of economic agents in expanding macroeconomic information, especially in a time of sudden crisis events, as well as the feasibility of their use in short-term statistics of business cycles. The cyclical sensitivity of aggregate economic sentiment relative to the reference GDP growth dynamics is tested. The authors calculate a composite economic sentiment indicator (ESI) that combines quarterly information on 18 survey-based indicators. The sample used to construct the ESI covers about 24,000 organizations in main economic activities and 5,100 consumers in all Russian regions. Common empirical patterns and cyclical movement are identified using the iterative procedure of visual and statistical analysis of the relationship between the GDP physical volume index and ESI. The results of cross-correlation analysis, Hodrick—Prescott filtering, and dating of cyclical dynamics are described. The significance of the composite survey-based indicator in the sectoral and cross-country analysis of entrepreneurial behavior, including that during the COVID-19-related crisis, is confirmed. The results of the study allow one to record the “cognitive shift” in the level of aggregated entrepreneurial confidence having formed in recent years. After the decline in ESI values during the protracted recession in 2015–2016, its subsequent four-year dynamics are characterized by the lowest potential compared with the recovery periods after all previous crises</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>обследования бизнеса и потребителей</kwd><kwd>индикатор экономических настроений</kwd><kwd>композитные индикаторы бизнес-цикла</kwd><kwd>циклы роста</kwd><kwd>рост ВВП</kwd><kwd>экономический рост</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>business and consumer surveys</kwd><kwd>economic sentiment indicator</kwd><kwd>composite business cycle indicators</kwd><kwd>growth cycles</kwd><kwd>GDP growth</kwd><kwd>economic growth</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Безруков В., Остапкович Г., Глисин Ф., Воронина Г., Китрар Л., Лукашина Ж., Бауман М. 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