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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecpolicy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economic Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5124</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-2658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Economic Policy</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18288/1994-5124-2026-3-152-193</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecpolicy-773</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Отраслевые рынки</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Market Sectors</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Неценовое регулирование алкогольного рынка и потребление водки в разных доходных группах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>How Different Income Groups Are Affected by Alcohol Market and Vodka Consumption Regulations Not Aimed at Price</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Садыкова</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sadykova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эндже Альбертовна Садыкова, Аспирант, преподаватель факультета экономических наук</p><p>109028, Москва, Мясницкая ул., 20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Endzhe A. Sadykova, Postgraduate Student, Lecturer, Faculty of Economic Sciences  </p><p>20, Myasnitskaya ul., Moscow, 109028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ea.sadykova@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>HSE University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>152</fpage><lpage>193</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Садыкова Э.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Садыкова Э.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sadykova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/773">https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/773</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье анализируется влияние неценовых инструментов регулирования алкогольного рынка на потребление водки в различных доходных группах населения России. Теоретической и эмпирической отправной точкой при этом служат российские и зарубежные исследования, подтверждающие роль ограничений времени и условий продажи алкоголя, однако чаще — без учета ценового фактора. Новизна работы заключается в комплексной оценке нескольких неценовых мер (утренние, вечерние и ночные временн е ограничения, «дни трезвости») в сочетании с ценовыми инструментами, а также в их дифференцированном анализе по уровню дохода потребителей. Эмпирическая база охватывает период 2011–2022 годов; для учета селекции и гетерогенности эффектов используются модель Хекмана с инструментальными переменными и метод разности разностей. Показано, что чрезмерно жесткие утренние ограничения (до 14:00) снижают потребление водки только в группах с доходами ниже среднего, тогда как время продаж с 10:00 и 11:00 воздействует на все группы. Усиление вечерних ограничений значимо уменьшает потребление алкоголя в низкодоходных группах, но почти не затрагивает обеспеченных потребителей. Не обнаружено однозначного воздействия «дней трезвости» в регионе проживания на потребление водки. Это может свидетельствовать об эффекте отложенного спроса или о том, что такая мера изначально была направлена на ослабление последствий от потребления алкоголя в праздничные дни. Дополнительно подтверждены известные зависимости потребления водки от возраста, образования, религиозности, семейного статуса и типа места проживания. Сделан вывод, что для сокращения потребления водки в малообеспеченных группах населения наибольший потенциал имеют меры по ограничению временн й и физической доступности алкоголя в сочетании с адресными ценовыми инструментами, а в наиболее обеспеченных — воздействие через цену товара.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article analyzes how alcohol market regulations targeting vodka consumption in ways that do not impact prices affect various income groups in Russia. Its theoretical and empirical starting point consists of Russian and international studies that establish the role of restrictions on the time and conditions of alcohol sales, although they often omit the factor of price. The article’s innovative aspect lies in its comprehensive assessment of several non-price measures (morning, evening, and night time restrictions along with mandatory “dry days”) in combination with price instruments in order to provide a differentiated analysis of these measures by income level. The empirical data runs from 2011 to 2022. The Heckman instrumental variable model and the difference-in-differences method with Callaway and Sant’Anna estimates are used to account for selection and heterogeneity of effects. The results indicate that excessively strict morning restrictions (no sales before 2:00 PM) reduce vodka consumption only in below-average income groups, whereas limiting the start of sales to a more reasonable time (10:00 AM or 11:00 AM) affects all groups. Tightening evening restrictions significantly reduces consumption among low-income groups, but has little impact on affluent consumers. However, increasing the number of “dry days” has an ambiguous impact, which may indicate that demand is deferred or that these measures are intended primarily to limit alcohol consumption during holidays. The already confirmed correlations between vodka consumption and age, education, religious belief, marital status, and type of residence also appeared in this study. The overall conclusion is that temporarily limiting availability of alcohol, combined with targeted pricing instruments has the greatest potential to reduce harm among the most vulnerable segments of the population, while price-based interventions are most effective among the most affluent groups.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антиалкогольная политика</kwd><kwd>ограничения торговли алкоголем</kwd><kwd>метод Хекмана</kwd><kwd>РМЭЗ НИУ ВШЭ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anti-alcohol policy</kwd><kwd>alcohol trade restrictions</kwd><kwd>Heckman method</kwd><kwd>HSE RLMS</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование поддержано факультетом экономических наук НИУ «Высшая школа экономики» в рамках работы автора в исследовательской рабочей группе по оценке результативности государственных социальных программ и отдельных мер социальной политики в 2026 году.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the Faculty of Economic Sciences of the National Research University Higher School of Economics as part of the author’s work in the Research Working Group on Assessing the Effectiveness of State Social Programs and Individual Social Policy Measures in 2026.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андреев Е. 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