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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecpolicy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economic Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5124</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-2658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Economic Policy</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18288/1994-5124-2020-5-130-159</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecpolicy-780</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Макроэкономика</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Macroeconomics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Межстрановой опыт прогнозирования макроэкономических и кредитных кризисов и его применение для России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Joint Prediction of Turning Points in Credit and Business Cycles: Cross-Country Analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамонов</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamonov</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Евгеньевич Мамонов — кандидат экономических наук, директор Центра исследований международной экономики Института международных исследований; PhD-кандидат CERGE-EI      </p><p>119454, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 76    </p><p>111 21, Prague, Politických vězňů, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail E. Mamonov, Cand. Sci. (Econ.)    </p><p>76, Ver-nadskogo pr., Moscow, 119454    </p><p>Politi-ckých vězňů 7, 111 21, Prague 1, Czech Republic</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mikhail.mamonov@cerge-ei.cz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пестова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pestova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Андреевна Пестова — кандидат экономических наук, старший научный сотрудник Центра исследований международной экономики Института международных исследований; PhD-кандидат CERGE-EI        </p><p>119454, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 76    </p><p>111 21, Prague, Politických vězňů, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Pestova, Cand. Sci. (Econ.)    </p><p>76, Ver-nadskogo pr., Moscow, 119454  </p><p> Politi-ckých vězňů 7, 111 21, Prague 1, Czech Republic</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anna.pestova@cerge-ei.cz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панкова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pankova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вера Александровна Панкова — эксперт; научный сотрудник лаборатории анализа и прогноза экономических процессов Центра фундаментальных исследований  </p><p>117418, Москва, Нахимовский пр., 47      </p><p>101000, Москва, Мясницкая ул., 20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera A. Pankova    </p><p>47, Nakhimovsky pr., Moscow, 117418  </p><p> 20, Myasnits-kaya ul., Moscow, 101000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vpankova@forecast.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахметов</surname><given-names>Р. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmetov</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ренат Рамилович Ахметов — эксперт; научный сотрудник лаборатории анализа и прогноза экономических процессов Центра фундаментальных исследований    </p><p>117418, Москва, Нахимовский пр., 47      </p><p>101000, Москва, Мясницкая ул., 20</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Renat R. Akhmetov    </p><p>47, Nakhimovsky pr., Moscow, 117418    </p><p>20, Myasnits-kaya ul., Moscow, 101000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rakhmetov@forecast.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГИМО МИД России; &#13;
Карлов университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MGIMO University; &#13;
CERGE-EI, Charles University, Economics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр макроэкономического анализа и краткосрочного прогнозирования; &#13;
Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Center for Macroeconomic Analysis and Short-Term Forecasting; &#13;
National Research University Higher School of Economics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>130</fpage><lpage>159</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мамонов М.Е., Пестова А.А., Панкова В.А., Ахметов Р.Р., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мамонов М.Е., Пестова А.А., Панкова В.А., Ахметов Р.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mamonov M.E., Pestova A.A., Pankova V.A., Akhmetov R.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/780">https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/780</self-uri><abstract><p>Макроэкономические кризисы длятся дольше, если они происходят одновременно с системными банковскими кризисами. Это ставит вопрос о предсказании не каждого из двух событий по отдельности, а их совместной реализации. Имеет смысл говорить и о том, в какой мере межстрановой опыт в этом направлении может быть полезен для прогнозирования подобных сдвоенных событий в России. Используя квартальные данные по девятнадцати развитым странам и России за период с I квартала 1994 года по IV квартал 2018-го, авторы строят систему из двух динамических пробит-моделей, которая позволяет учесть ненаблюдаемые (не включенные в модель) факторы, влияющие одновременно на оба цикла, через кросс-корреляцию ошибок в уравнениях вероятности возникновения макроэкономической рецессии и кредитного кризиса. Результаты показывают, что модели, построенные на выборке из девятнадцати развитых экономик и России, позволяют весьма точно предсказывать для последней как одиночные события (экономические рецессии и кредитные кризисы), так и эпизоды их совместной реализации. В частности, построенная модель позволяет корректно предсказать 100% совместных кризисных и 92% совместных бескризисных эпизодов в рамках обучающей выборки, 86% совместных кризисных и 90% совместных бескризисных эпизодов в рамках тестовой выборки для России. Полученные результаты, вопервых, свидетельствуют о том, что межстрановой опыт является полезным для прогнозирования сдвоенных кризисов в отдельно взятой стране (России); во-вторых, дополняют существующую эмпирическую литературу по прогнозированию рецессий и кредитных кризисов на межстрановых данных.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper provides a joint analysis of business and credit cycles with a focus on unobservable factors affecting both cycles, at the cross-country level. Using quarterly data for 19 developed countries and Russia for the period from 1994 to 2018, we build a system of two dynamic probit models, which includes a cross-correlation between the errors of the equations governing the probability of a recession and the probability of credit crisis. The results show that, first, our system allows us to correctly predict 91% of episodes of joint realization of macroeconomic and credit crises and 89% of non-crisis periods in the training sample, and 92% and 95% respectively in the testing sample. Second, switching from two independent regression models to a system of correlated equations significantly (by 16 percent-age points) increases the share of correctly predicted crisis episodes while only slightly (by 7 percentage points) reducing the proportion of correctly predicted non-crisis episodes. Third, our system can predict an approaching crisis earlier, by 1–4 quarters, in comparison with similar single models. Our results complement the literature on forecasting recessions and credit crises. Fourth, it is revealed that the models which have been constructed on developed countries allow one to predict crisis events for Russia. The model we have constructed correctly predicts 100% of joint crisis episodes and 92% of joint non-crisis episodes in the training sample as well as 86% of joint crisis and 90% of joint non-crisis episodes in the testing sample for Russia.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кризисы</kwd><kwd>бизнес-циклы</kwd><kwd>кредитные циклы</kwd><kwd>система динамических пробит-моделей</kwd><kwd>прогнозирование поворотных точек</kwd><kwd>вневыборочный прогноз.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cross-country analysis</kwd><kwd>business cycles</kwd><kwd>credit cycles</kwd><kwd>bivariate dynamic probit</kwd><kwd>crisis prediction</kwd><kwd>in-sample forecasting</kwd><kwd>out-of-sample forecasting.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта 18-310-20015.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ачкасов Ю. 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