ecpolicyЭкономическая политикаEconomic Policy1994-51242411-2658Economic Policy10.18288/1994-5124-2022-2-34-61ecpolicy-81Research ArticleБюджетная политикаBudget PolicyПерспективы и условия востребованности инициативного бюджетирования в РоссииProspects and Demand Factors of Participatory Budgeting in Russiahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6828-5802ВекерлеК. В.VekerleK. V.

Константин Владимирович Векерле, Младший научный сотрудник лаборатории исследований бюджетной политики Института прикладных экономических исследований

119571, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 82

Konstantin V. Vekerle, Junior Researcher, Fiscal Policy Research Laboratory, Institute of Applied Economic Research

82, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119571

vekerle-kv@ranepa.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0431-4993СоколовИ. А.SokolovI. A.

Илья Александрович Соколов, Кандидат экономических наук, заведующий лабораторией исследований бюджетной политики Института прикладных экономических исследований; директор Института макроэкономических исследований

119571, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 82

119285, Москва, Воробьевское шоссе, 6а

Ilia A. Sokolov, Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Head of Fiscal Policy Research Laboratory, Institute of Applied Economic Research; Director of the Institute for Macroeconomic Research

82, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119571

6A, Vorobiyovskoe shosse, Moscow, 119285

ia-sokolov@ranepa.ruРАНХиГСРоссияRussian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA)Russian FederationРАНХиГС; Всероссийская академия внешней торговли Министерства экономического развития Российской ФедерацииРоссияRussian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA); Russian Foreign Trade Academy, Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian FederationRussian Federation2022280420221723461Copyright © Векерле К.В., Соколов И.А., 20222022Векерле К.В., Соколов И.А.Vekerle K.V., Sokolov I.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/81

В  последние  три  десятилетия  вовлечение  жителей  в  управление  местными  бюджетами,  известное также как инициативное бюджетирование, активно применялось во всем мире. Однако систематические исследования, посвященные факторам применения этого механизма использования  бюджетных  средств,  не  проводились.  Настоящая  статья  призвана  восполнить  этот пробел.  При  помощи  процедуры  Хекмана  на  региональных  данных  о   проектах,  реализуемых по  принципам  инициативного  бюджетирования,  были  установлены  факторы,  значимые  для его дальнейшего развития. В   частности, вероятность применения этого механизма оказалась наиболее  чувствительна  к   развитию  экономики  региона,  наличию  опыта  применения  этого механизма  и  бюджетной  независимости  региона.  В   свою  очередь,  на  объемы  реализуемых инициативных  проектов  значительно  влияют  количество  лет  применения  этого  механизма, доля  бенефициаров,  бюджетная  независимость  региона  и   степень  разнообразия  отраслей, в  которых  эти  проекты  могут  быть  реализованы.  Процедура  Хекмана  (цензурированная  регрессия)  позволяет  избежать  эконометрических  проблем,  связанных  с  ошибкой  отбора. Кроме  того,  эта  процедура  в   контексте  исследования  инициативного  бюджетирования  приобретает  дополнительный  смысл,  поскольку  дает  возможность  изучать  направления  влияния одного и того же фактора на вероятность и  объемы реализации инициативных проектов. Дальнейшие перспективы развития инициативного бюджетирования в  России зависят от ряда факторов. В   их числе обеспечение большего социального охвата населения бюджетным планированием; расширение форм участия жителей в  принятии бюджетных решений; распространение принципов инициативного бюджетирования на решение вопросов, находящихся в  сфере межмуниципальной кооперации; повышение самостоятельности муниципалитетов в   реализации инициативных проектов; усиление роли федерального центра в  продвижении и координации этого механизма.

During the past three decades, citizen involvement in the management of local budgets, also known as participatory budgeting (PB), has been getting popular across the world. However, there are no systematic studies devoted to the demand factors of this mechanism. Using the Heckman procedure (censored regression) and regional Russian data on projects implemented on the principles of PB, we reveal the significant factors for its further development. In particular, the probability of using PB turned out to be most sensitive to the development of the region’s economy, the PB implementation experience and the budget independence of the region. At the same time, the volume of PB projects is sensitive not only to the implementation experience and the budget independence, but also to the share of beneficiaries and the diversity degree of the PB sphere. The Heckman procedure avoids the econometric problems linked to the selection bias and, in addition, it makes it possible to study the influence of the same factor on the probability and volume of PB implementation. Further prospects for PB development in Russia depend on the next issues: ensuring greater social coverage through the  involvement  of  new  target  population  groups,  expanding  the  forms  of  citizen  participation in  budget  decision-making,  extending  the  principles  of  PB  up  to  the  intermunicipal  cooperation, increasing the independence of municipalities in implementing PB projects, and strengthening the role of the federal center in promoting and coordinating this mechanism in the regions.

вовлечение граждан в управление бюджетомбюджетное планированиепартисипаторное бюджетированиесофинансированиебюджетный процессcitizen involvement in budget decision-makingbudget planningparticipatory budgetingco-financingbudget processReferencesAlesina A., La Ferrara E. Ethnic Diversity and Economic Performance. Journal of Economic Literature, 2005, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 762-800. DOI:10.2139/ssrn.569881.Alesina A., La Ferrara E. Ethnic Diversity and Economic Performance. Journal of Economic Literature, 2005, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 762-800. DOI:10.2139/ssrn.569881.Ansell C., Gash A. Collaborative Governance in Theory and Practice. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 2008, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 543-571. DOI:10.1093/jopart/mum032.Ansell C., Gash A. Collaborative Governance in Theory and Practice. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 2008, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 543-571. DOI:10.1093/jopart/mum032.Aragonès E., Sánchez-Pagés S. A Theory of Participatory Democracy Based on the Real Case of Porto Alegre. European Economic Review, 2009, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 56-72. DOI:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2008.09.006.Aragonès E., Sánchez-Pagés S. A Theory of Participatory Democracy Based on the Real Case of Porto Alegre. European Economic Review, 2009, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 56-72. DOI:10.1016/j.euroecorev.2008.09.006.Beuermann D., Amelina M. Does Participatory Budgeting Improve Decentralized Public Service Delivery? Experimental Evidence from Rural Russia. Economics of Governance, 2018, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 339-379. DOI:10.1007/s10101-018-0214-3.Beuermann D., Amelina M. Does Participatory Budgeting Improve Decentralized Public Service Delivery? Experimental Evidence from Rural Russia. Economics of Governance, 2018, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 339-379. DOI:10.1007/s10101-018-0214-3.Carpini D., Cook F. L., Jacobs L. R. Public Deliberation, Discursive Participation, and Citizen Engagement: A Review of the Empirical Literature: A Review of the Empirical Literature. Annual Review of Political Science, 2004, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 315-344.Carpini D., Cook F. L., Jacobs L. R. Public Deliberation, Discursive Participation, and Citizen Engagement: A Review of the Empirical Literature: A Review of the Empirical Literature. Annual Review of Political Science, 2004, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 315-344.Deepening Democracy: Institutional Innovations in Empowered Participatory Governance. N. Y., NJ, Verso, 2003.Deepening Democracy: Institutional Innovations in Empowered Participatory Governance. N. Y., NJ, Verso, 2003.Dias N. (ed.). 7. Hope for Democracy: 25 Years of Participatory Budgeting Worldwide. 2014. http://www.in-loco.pt/upload_folder/edicoes/1279dd27-d1b1-40c9-ac77-c75f31f82ba2.pdf.Dias N. (ed.). 7. Hope for Democracy: 25 Years of Participatory Budgeting Worldwide. 2014. http://www.in-loco.pt/upload_folder/edicoes/1279dd27-d1b1-40c9-ac77-c75f31f82ba2.pdf.Docherty I., Goodlad R., Paddison R. Civic Culture, Community and Citizen Participation in Contrasting Neighbourhoods. Urban Studies, 2001, vol. 38, no. 12, pp. 2225-2250. DOI:10.1080/00420980120087144.Docherty I., Goodlad R., Paddison R. Civic Culture, Community and Citizen Participation in Contrasting Neighbourhoods. Urban Studies, 2001, vol. 38, no. 12, pp. 2225-2250. DOI:10.1080/00420980120087144.Fung A. Empowered Participation: Reinventing Urban Democracy. Princeton, NJ, Princeton University Press, 2004.Fung A. Empowered Participation: Reinventing Urban Democracy. Princeton, NJ, Princeton University Press, 2004.Fung A. Minipublics: Deliberative Designs and Their Consequences. In: Rosenberg S. W. (ed.). Deliberation, Participation and Democracy. Can the People Govern? L., Palgrave MacMillan, 2007, pp. 159-183. DOI:10.1057/9780230591080_8.Fung A. Minipublics: Deliberative Designs and Their Consequences. In: Rosenberg S. W. (ed.). Deliberation, Participation and Democracy. Can the People Govern? L., Palgrave MacMillan, 2007, pp. 159-183. DOI:10.1057/9780230591080_8.Goncalve S. The Effects of Participatory Budgeting on Municipal Expenditures and Infant Mortality in Brazil. World Development, 2014, vol. 53, pp. 94-110. DOI:10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.01.009.Goncalve S. The Effects of Participatory Budgeting on Municipal Expenditures and Infant Mortality in Brazil. World Development, 2014, vol. 53, pp. 94-110. DOI:10.1016/j.worlddev.2013.01.009.Heckman J. Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error. 12. Econometrica, 1979, vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 153-161.Heckman J. Sample Selection Bias as a Specification Error. 12. Econometrica, 1979, vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 153-161.Jaramillo M., Wright G. Participatory Democracy and Effective Policy: Is There a Link? Evidence from Rural Peru. World Development, 2015, vol. 66, pp. 280-292. DOI:10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.08.011.Jaramillo M., Wright G. Participatory Democracy and Effective Policy: Is There a Link? Evidence from Rural Peru. World Development, 2015, vol. 66, pp. 280-292. DOI:10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.08.011.Kasden L., Cattell A., Convey P. A People’s Budget: A Research and Evaluation Report on Participatory Budgeting in New York City. N. Y., NY, Urban Justice Center, 2013.Kasden L., Cattell A., Convey P. A People’s Budget: A Research and Evaluation Report on Participatory Budgeting in New York City. N. Y., NY, Urban Justice Center, 2013.McNulty S. 15. Voice and Vote: Decentralization and Participation in Post-Fujimori Peru. Stanford, CA, Stanford University Press, 2011.McNulty S. 15. Voice and Vote: Decentralization and Participation in Post-Fujimori Peru. Stanford, CA, Stanford University Press, 2011.Nabatchi T. Addressing the Citizenship and Democratic Deficits: The Potential of Deliberative Democracy for Public Administration. The American Review of Public Administration, 2010, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 376-399. DOI:10.1177/0275074009356467.Nabatchi T. Addressing the Citizenship and Democratic Deficits: The Potential of Deliberative Democracy for Public Administration. The American Review of Public Administration, 2010, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 376-399. DOI:10.1177/0275074009356467.Ostrom E. Collective Action and the Evolution of Social Norms. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2000, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 137-158. DOI:10.1257/jep.14.3.137.Ostrom E. Collective Action and the Evolution of Social Norms. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 2000, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 137-158. DOI:10.1257/jep.14.3.137.Papke L. E., Wooldridge J. M. Econometric Methods for Fractional Response Variables with an Application to 401(k) Plan Participation Rates. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 1996, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 619-632. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1255(199611)11:6<619::AID-JAE418>3.0.CO;2-1.Papke L. E., Wooldridge J. M. Econometric Methods for Fractional Response Variables with an Application to 401(k) Plan Participation Rates. Journal of Applied Econometrics, 1996, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 619-632. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1255(199611)11:6<619::AID-JAE418>3.0.CO;2-1.Saguin K. Why the Poor Do Not Benefit from Community-Driven Development: Lessons from Participatory Budgeting. World Development, 2018, vol. 112(C), pp. 220-232. DOI:10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.08.009.Saguin K. Why the Poor Do Not Benefit from Community-Driven Development: Lessons from Participatory Budgeting. World Development, 2018, vol. 112(C), pp. 220-232. DOI:10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.08.009.Sintomer Y., Röcke A., Herzberg C. Participatory Budgeting in Europe: Democracy and Public Governance. L., Routledge, 2016. DOI:10.4324/9781315599472.Sintomer Y., Röcke A., Herzberg C. Participatory Budgeting in Europe: Democracy and Public Governance. L., Routledge, 2016. DOI:10.4324/9781315599472.Sintomer Y., Herzberg C., Röcke A. Participatory Budgeting in Europe: Potentials and Challenges. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 2008, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 164-178. DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2427.2008.00777.x.Sintomer Y., Herzberg C., Röcke A. Participatory Budgeting in Europe: Potentials and Challenges. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 2008, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 164-178. DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2427.2008.00777.x.Smith G. Democratic Innovations: Designing Institutions for Citizen Participation. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2009.Smith G. Democratic Innovations: Designing Institutions for Citizen Participation. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2009.Wampler B. Participatory Budgeting in Brazil: Contestation, Cooperation, and Accountability. University Park, PA, Pennsylvania State University Press, 2007.Wampler B. Participatory Budgeting in Brazil: Contestation, Cooperation, and Accountability. University Park, PA, Pennsylvania State University Press, 2007.Warren M. E., Pearse H. (eds.). Designing Deliberative Democracy: The British Columbia Citizens’ Assembly. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2008.Warren M. E., Pearse H. (eds.). Designing Deliberative Democracy: The British Columbia Citizens’ Assembly. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2008.Weatherford S. M., McDonnel L. M. Deliberation with a Purpose: Reconnecting Communities and Schools. In: Rosenberg S. W. (ed.). Deliberation, Participation and Democracy. Can the People Govern? L., Palgrave MacMillan, 2007, pp. 184-215. DOI:10.1057/9780230591080_9.Weatherford S. M., McDonnel L. M. Deliberation with a Purpose: Reconnecting Communities and Schools. In: Rosenberg S. W. (ed.). Deliberation, Participation and Democracy. Can the People Govern? L., Palgrave MacMillan, 2007, pp. 184-215. DOI:10.1057/9780230591080_9.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.