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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecpolicy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economic Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5124</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-2658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Economic Policy</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18288/1994-5124-2021-5-76-95</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecpolicy-96</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Международная торговля</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>International Trade</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экспорт услуг в развивающихся экономиках</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Services Export in Developing Economies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Любимов</surname><given-names>И. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>LYUBIMOV</surname><given-names>I. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Львович Любимов — PhD (Econ.), старший научный сотрудник лаборатории исследований международной торговли Института прикладных экономических исследований</p><p>119571, Москва, пр. Вернадского, 82</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan L. LYUBIMOV, PhD (Econ.)</p><p>82, Vernadskogo pr., Moscow, 119571</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lubimov@ranepa.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>РАНХиГС</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Presidential Academy of Natio nal Economy and Public Administration</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>5</issue><elocation-id>76–95</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Любимов И.Л., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Любимов И.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">LYUBIMOV I.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/96">https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/96</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе обсуждаются особенности развития сектора экспортируемых услуг в развивающихся странах. Если структура сферы услуг в более развитых экономиках состоит из секторов, предоставляющих сложные услуги (техническую поддержку и ремонт капитального оборудования или информационно-коммуникационные технологии), и из отраслей, оказывающих простые услуги (относящиеся, например, к международному туризму), то в менее развитых она в основном представлена простыми услугами. Экспорт простых услуг отличается определенными недостатками. В частности, как показывает опыт пандемии COVID-19, такой экспорт крайне чувствителен к отдельным глобальным шокам. Из этого не следует, что развивающимся экономикам стоит отказаться от экспорта таких услуг: структура факторов производства делает альтернативные варианты труднореализуемыми. Однако менее развитые страны могли бы уделять больше внимания тем отраслям услуг, которые, с одной стороны, не требуют большого количества сложных и дорогостоящих производственных ингредиентов, таких как инновационная система или крупные производственные мощности, а с другой — дают больше возможностей для глобализации экспорта, формируют качественные рабочие места и более устойчивы к глобальным шокам. К таким отраслям относится сектор информационнокоммуникационных технологий. Это не означает, что данная отрасль сможет стать драйвером роста массового благосостояния в развивающемся мире. Успех сферы ИКТ в менее развитых странах, скорее всего, будет возможен лишь в ряде случаев. Ввиду особенностей этой отрасли, однако, таких примеров может быть значительно больше, чем стран, которым удается решить проблему экономического роста за счет масштабной индустриализации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper examines the structure of services exports in less developed economies. In more developed countries, complex services, such as maintenance and repair or information and communication technologies (ICT), and simple services, such as international tourism, both play an important role. However, in less developed economies, less complex sectors prevail. In the case of the latter, the sectoral structure is associated with a number of disadvantages. First, these sectors are predominantly exported on a regional rather than global scale, and second, as the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic shows, they are sensitive to particular global shocks. This does not imply that developing economies should invest less in these services, as the structure of production factors limits their ability to form viable alternatives. However, developing countries could pay more attention to those service industries that, on the one hand, do not require building a wide variety of complex and costly production ingredients such as innovation systems or large-scale production facilities and, on the other hand, provide more opportunities to export globally, create more high-quality jobs and are more resilient to global shocks. The ICT sector is used as an example of such an industry. This is not to suggest that the ICT sector can become a driving force of prosperity in the developing world; its effect is likely to be modest. Nevertheless, due to the specificities of the ICT sector, it might deliver many more success stories than a typical industrialization strategy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>отраслевая структурная трансформация</kwd><kwd>туризм</kwd><kwd>ИКТ</kwd><kwd>экономическая сложность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>structural transformation</kwd><kwd>tourism</kwd><kwd>ICT</kwd><kwd>economic complexity</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках выполнения научно-исследовательской работы государственного задания РАНХиГС.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Любимов И., Якубовский И. Структурная трансформация и отраслевая производительность: учет направлений экспорта в индексе экономической сложности // Журнал Новой экономической ассоциации. 2020. Т. 47. № 3. 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