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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ecpolicy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономическая политика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economic Policy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1994-5124</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-2658</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Economic Policy</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18288/1994-5124-2021-5-118-143</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ecpolicy-98</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Экономика здравоохранения</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Healthcare Economics</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Удалось ли реформам здравоохранения в России уменьшить очередь к врачу?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Have Healthcare Reforms in Russia Reduced Queues to a Doctor?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Заздравных</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>ZAZDRAVNYKH</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Александрович Заздравных — кандидат экономических наук, доцент, младший научный сотрудник  Международного центра экономики, политики и менеджмента в области здоровья</p><p>190008, Санкт-Петербург,  ул. Союза Печатников, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evguenii A. ZAZDRAVNYKH, Cand. Sci. (Econ.)</p><p>16, Soyuza Pechatnikov ul., Saint Petersburg, 190008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ezazdravnykh@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тараскина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>TARASKINA</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Владимировна Тараскина —  аспирант, преподаватель,  стажер-исследователь Международного центра экономики, политики и менеджмента  в области здоровья</p><p>190008, Санкт-Петербург,  ул. Союза Печатников, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. TARASKINA</p><p>16, Soyuza Pechatnikov ul., Saint Petersburg, 190008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">etaraskina@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский  университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>HSE University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>5</issue><elocation-id>118–143</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Заздравных Е.А., Тараскина Е.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Заздравных Е.А., Тараскина Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ZAZDRAVNYKH E.A., TARASKINA E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/98">https://www.ecpolicy.ru/jour/article/view/98</self-uri><abstract><p>Очереди к врачу являются серьезной проблемой государственной системы здравоохранения России в течение длительного времени. Уже десять лет принимаются меры по сокращению затрат времени на ожидание медицинской помощи. В статье предпринята попытка оценить динамику среднего времени на ожидание врачебной помощи в период 2011–2018 годов и взаимосвязь этого показателя с социально-экономическим статусом россиян. В случае если время на ожидание сократилось, следует выяснить, распространяется ли этот эффект на всех пациентов независимо от их социально-экономического статуса. Для ответа на этот вопрос в статье с помощью статистического и эконометрического инструментария анализируются микроданные опроса «Итоги комплексного наблюдения условий жизни населения», собираемые органами официальной статистики. Результаты демонстрируют, что среднее и медианное время на запись к врачу и ожидание приема сократилось. Однако для 2011 года не выявлена взаимосвязь между затратами времени на запись к врачу и ожидание приема и социально-экономическим статусом индивида, а начиная с волны опроса за 2014 год возникает такая взаимосвязь. В частности, лица с высшим образованием и высоким уровнем доходов стали быстрее попадать к врачу при прочих равных. Таким образом, несмотря на позитивные результаты реформ здравоохранения в части уменьшения затрат времени на получение медицинской помощи, не все группы населения в равной степени наблюдают сокращение времени на запись к врачу и ожидание приема. Это говорит об ограниченном успехе реформ здравоохранения в 2011–2018 годах и о необходимости дальнейшего совершенствования доступа к медицине для всех лиц, независимо от образования и доходов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Queues to a doctor have been a serious problem for the state healthcare system in Russia for a long time. In order to address this problem, the government has already been initiating various measures to reduce the waiting time for healthcare for ten years, regardless of the socioeconomic status of the patient. This article attempts to assess the dynamics of the typical waiting time for healthcare from 2011 to 2018 and the relationship between this indicator and the socioeconomic status of the patient. In case of a reduction of waiting time for a doctor, it is important that this effect spreads to all patients regardless of their socioeconomic status. In order to solve this problem we use the microlevel data of the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions of the Population, collected by the official statistics authorities, and analyze them using statistical and econometric tools. The results show that the average and median time to book a doctor visit and waiting time for a doctor in outpatient care institutions have been reduced. At the same time, in 2011, there was no significant relationship between waiting time for a doctor and the socioeconomic status of an individual, but from 2016 this relationship has emerged. In particular, people with higher education and a high level of income began to get to the doctor faster, ceteris paribus. Thus, despite the positive outcome of the healthcare reforms in terms of time spent on booking a visit and waiting for health services, not all population groups are equally likely to feel this effect. This fact shows the limited success of healthcare reforms in 2011–2018 and the need to simplify access to health services for all people, regardless of education and income.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>доступность здравоохранения</kwd><kwd>социально-экономический статус</kwd><kwd>ожидание приема врача</kwd><kwd>неравенство</kwd><kwd>оценка политики</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>healthcare</kwd><kwd>reforms</kwd><kwd>queues</kwd><kwd>inequality</kwd><kwd>policy evaluation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 20-18-00307 «Здоровье нации: экономический подход к оценке здоровья и связанных с ним неравенства и качества жизни населения»). Авторы выражают благодарность за ценные комментарии и замечания Е. А. Александровой, Г. Д. Кристоферу, А. В. 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